I find a lot of problems in flight training result from students blindly accepting the Flight Instructor's word on something without thorough understanding.
Believe me, I'm very much in favour of a student having a thorough understanding. My concern is that there is insufficient time in the curriculum for an instructor to convey the thorough understanding. Certainly, the student should seek out as much additional training as they can find, including asking here. However, in the case of using training time to challenge the instructor, in general, the results may not be as desired (displeased instructor, no greater understanding anyway).
Sure, AoA can be familiarized during the ground briefing, and could be a semester study in an aerodynamics course. I opine that a PPL student will get the best benefit from a short briefing, and then time airborne with "let me show you...". What one needs to know about this at the PPL level is pretty easy to demonstrate in flight.
Then, of course, I hope every pilot would delve more into it, as obviously, AoA error accidents keep happening. And, students should have spin awareness training too! In a perfect world, the PPL curriculum would be expanded to assure more intense training of many of these topics, and we'd have even better instructors too.
If your instructor is incapable of providing the detailed instruction on a topic, seek out more expertise. If you think that the instructor is actually deficient in their training ability, that's a different topic. In the mean time, sure, ask for more detail - and be willing to pay for the training time for it too. but arguing with the instructor about the training content, not so much.....